Most automobiles in use today are propelled by gasoline (also known as petrol) or diesel internal combustion engines, which are known to cause air pollution and are also blamed for contributing to climate change and global warming.[17] Increasing costs of oil-based fuels, tightening environmental laws and restrictions on greenhouse gas emissions are propelling work on alternative power systems for automobiles. Efforts to improve or replace existing technologies include the development of hybrid vehicles, and electric and hydrogen vehicles which do not release pollution into the air.
Data transmission
Automobiles use CAM, MOSH (optic fiber), multiplexing, bluetooth and WiFi between others.
Safety
There are three main statistics for which vehicle safety can be compared:[18] (Data taken from UK transportation)
| Deaths per billion journeys |
|---|
| Bus: 4.3 |
| Rail: 20 |
| Van: 20 |
| Car: 40 |
| Foot: 40 |
| Water: 90 |
| Air: 117 |
| Bicycle: 170 |
| Motorcycle: 1640 |
| Deaths per billion hours |
|---|
| Bus: 11.1 |
| Rail: 30 |
| Air: 30.8 |
| Water: 50 |
| Van: 60 |
| Car: 130 |
| Foot: 220 |
| Bicycle: 550 |
| Motorcycle: 4840 |
| Deaths per billion kilometres |
|---|
| Air: 0.05 |
| Bus: 0.4 |
| Rail: 0.6 |
| Van: 1.2 |
| Water: 2.6 |
| Car: 3.1 |
| Bicycle: 44.6 |
| Foot: 54.2 |
| Motorcycle: 108.9 |
While road traffic injuries represent the leading cause in worldwide injury-related deaths,[19] their popularity undermines this statistic.
Mary Ward became one of the first documented automobile fatalities in 1869 in Parsonstown, Ireland[20] and Henry Bliss one of the United States' first pedestrian automobile casualties in 1899 in New York.[21] There are now standard tests for safety in new automobiles, like the EuroNCAP and the US NCAP tests,[22] as well as insurance-backed IIHS tests
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